Hammering apparatus



Jl lly 3d, 1923.

w. Y. STROH ET AL HAMMERING APPARATUS Fiied Jan. 24,

1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS WITNESS Patented July 31, 1923.

em-m m TE s PATENT fOEFZ FT ICEQ i WILLIAM Y. s'r'n'o'H TAND" GEORGE W;KLAGEs'; 01:; I? ITTSBURG-LEI, JPETNNSYLVANIA.

' HAMMERING APPARATUS;

Application filed Januar 24;"1920. serie n. 353,665: I

IOCZZZ whom it iog Concern: a t

Be it known that we, ViLLIA M VS'IRQII and GE'orzen'VV... KLAens, bothcitizens of the United States r'esidingat Pittsburgh, Allegheny: County,Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in HammerApparatus; of which the 'followingis a full, clear, andexactdescription; referenoebeinghad to the. accompanying drawings,fo1-ming.,part.of this specification, in which: i l j Figure l'isa, sideelevation of a preferred form oi apparatus embodying our. invention.

Figure 2 is avertical section'of the same. Figure; 3 is a. face View of.the hammers on ai-larger scale. 1 f I Figure 4 is a section-on vthe lineIV-IV. QfFigUre- Land I. Figure isa detail sectional View showing thespring seats. v I p I M Our invention has relation to hammeringapparatus; andfis designed to, provide an apparatus of this Character,which is/espeoially applicablefor use in finishing castings by thehammering method described and claimed in the co-pendingapplioation oi JlVilliain Y. Stroh 'one .ofsthe applicants herein, and James Thompson;Serial No.

sisssanied. Dec. i919., t I V In accordance with the method described inthat applicatiomcastings are made which are of substantially the contourof theQfinQ ished article desired; and these. castings are finished, by.subjecting them, or certain surfaces thereof, to ahammeringactiOn bymeans of whichsuch surfacesare brought to thedesired contour and degree.of smoothness and may alsobe polished. The apparatus formedin thesubj'ect matter of the present application proi ides means: whereby suchmethod .n ay-be carried. out in an entirely satisfactory and eiiioientmanner. 7

The nature of our invention will be best understood by reference to theaccompanying drawings inlwhich we -have shown a preferred embodiment ofour invention, and which will'now be described it being. pre mis ed.however, that various changes can-be made in the details of constmction,"arrange ment and combination ofthe lpartswithout departing fromthe 'spiritand scope, of our invention as defined. in the appended cla'inis.In" thesefdrawings the numeral 2' designates a-supporting frame orhousinghaving a base portion which is preferably proizi'ded with guides{8 whereby it may be movably mounted' i'ipon, a suitable support andalsohaving an upright s portion 24 in whi h r. i of th, movableparts-hereinafter d dj re mounted;

' 4 designates a shaft which is 1 mounted in the lower part oflsaiduprightportion',:in

suitable bearings 5 and which is driven in any" suitable manner, notshown. Said shaft 4;; between the lside plates ofi the upright portionof the'fra'nieo'r housingthasa p1urality of eccentrics .6, f0'ur"innumber in the pr es e'nt' easel Each of'these eccentrics, issurrounded by a-stra 7 havlnga depending toe; 8' and-an upwar yextending lever arm 9. Ea -h of these lever'arms extends througha'slotin an oscillating member 10 which is];

movablyseated in a vertically movable slide box. 11' mounted, in ways orguides 12 0f the housingportion 2% This slide box'mfay be moved b anysuitable'mea'ns, as by'the links 13 connectedto opposite ends thereofandt also connected to ,thelever arms let of a rookershaft 15 saidshaft'provided at one endiportion with an actuating leyer 16 which maybeheld in different adjusted positions bya bolt: arranged to work inaslot '18 v of the holding member It will be read-.

ily: een that by moving the lever 16 toidiffen ent .positionsgtheslidebox can be raised or lowered; and as.,the nicmberylO oarried'in saidslide box forms the iulorunis forftheeocentric levers, the adjustment ofsaid slide box "will vary the effective stroke of the toes 8. These toes18 are arranged to revtract the hammer elements after eachblow of thelatter; These elements; designated at 20, are removably secured on theouter; ends of the plungers 121 which are'mounted ro: reciprocation;inssuitab'le guides 22 in the frame 'orshousing, Said elernentsmay takenature of the worlrt'dbe performed. In

various forms according to particular the form shown'they -ha veajrelativelyflli n;

i QQ lGQllt-act ,portion 23 extending; transversely thereof; and,preferably, these contact portions, as shown in Figure 3, are staggeredor out of line with respect to each other. The said elements have offsetlateral edges so as to interfit with each other in the manner indicatedin this figure, and thereby strike partially overlapping blows.

The striking impulse is imparted to each plunger by means of a spring 24seat-ed at one end against a shoulder 25 on the plunger and at theopposite end in a pocket 26 of a seating block 27. This block isslidably mounted in suitable guides 28 in the frame or housing; and eachpocket is preferably provided with a follower 29 which is independentlyadjustable by means of a screw 30. The slide block 27 can also beadjusted as a unit to correspondingly vary the compression of all thesprings by any suitable means such as that shown. Such means consist ofa hand lever 31 securedto a transversely extending rock shaft 32 andhaving lever arms 33 at opposite ends which bear against the studs 84 onsaid block. hen thelever 31 is actuated, the

. block can be moved forwardly against the action of the springs, or canbe allowed to move backwardly under the action of the springs. Thedesired adjustment is secured by providing the lever members 33 withslots 34 having the lockingdevice 35.

Each of the plungers 21 is provided with the shoulder 36 for engagementwith one of the toes 8 whereby, under the action of the eccentric, saidplunger is retracted against the action of its spring until the predetermined compression of the spring is reached, when the plunger isdisengaged by said toe and is impelled in a striking direction by theaction of the spring... The several eccentrics are at different angles,as

indicated in Figure 4, so that the series of hammer elementsstrikesuccessive blows.

It is frequentlydesirable. to provide means whereby one or more of thehammer elements may be drawn out of act-ion. For this purpose, weprovide a rock shaft 37 having a series of fingers 38, each of which is,designed to engage a shoulder 39 formed on the underside of thecorresponding plunger, The shaft 37 isprovided with an actuating lever39*. When this lever is moved downwardly from its normal vposition,shown in Figure 1, the fingers 38 will engage the plungers to retractthem. Any desired plunger or plungers may then be locked in thisretracted, inoperative, position by inserting a pin through one oftheholes 40, provided therefor in the frame or housing and into engagementwith the registering hole 41 in theplunger- Or, by inserting the springpin 41 in the hole 41", all the plungers may be held retracted.

The operation of the machine will-be read- 43 secured in the frame orhousing.

ily understood by the foregoing description thereof.

The shaft 4 being continuously rotated,

the series of hammer elements will strike a rapid and continuoussuccession of blows. For the purpose described, it is desirable thatmeans be provided whereby the maximum stroke of each hammer element inthe striking direction is limited. For this purpose each of the plungersis provided with a shoulder 42 which, at the limit of the striking blow,contacts with a stop blopk n this manner each striking blow is stoppedat a predetermined maximum point so that the effect upon the castingbeing finished is to reduce its surface irregularities to the desiredplane and preventhammer indentations beyond such plane. The casting tobe finished is supported in any suitable manner with respect to thehammer elements. It may, for instance, be supported on a lathe andrevolved to the action of these elements; or it may .be placed upon anyother suitable support, the character of which will depend upon the formof the casting and the particular surface or surfaces thereof to befinished. V

\Vhile we have shown the machine provided with four hammer elements, wede sire it understood that we are not limited to this particular number,but that a greater or lesser number may be employed as may be desired.In some respects superior work may be done with a single hammer element,although this requires more time.

It will be noted that we provide means whereby the len th of stroke ofthe hammer elements is controlled; means whereby the compression of eachspring may be separately adjusted or the entire series of springssimultaneously adjusted; and that means of simple character are'providedwhereby any one or more of the hammers may be readily thrown out ofaction. The entire machine is simple in its construction and mode ofoperation. The hammer elements are preferably removably secured to theirplungers so that they can be readily removed andrenewed when battered orworn; or may be replaced by other elements having striking faces ofdifferent character, according to the particular nature of the work tobe done at any time.

Tofacilitate handling of the apparatus it may be provided with a liftingor suspension ring 44.

We claim:

1. Hammeri'ng apparatus comprising a plurality of reciprocatingplungers, a hammer element carried by each of said plungers, a springfor each-plunger arranged to impart a striking blow thereto, and aneccentric shaft having a plurality of eccentries at difierentangles,'together withfec v V ranged to impart a strikingblow to thecentric straps provided each-with a1'{toe adapted to engage and'retractone offitlie plungers, substantially as described. 2. Hammeringapparatus comprising a plurality of reciprocating plungersyahammerclement carried by each of said plung ers, a spring for eachplungerarranged to impart a striking blow thereto, an eccentric shaft having aplurality of eccentrics at dill ferent angles, and eccentrics rapsprovided each with a toe adapted to engage and retract one of theplungers, together with means for varying the effective throw of theeccentrics, substantially as described.

3. Hammcring apparatus comprisinga plurality of reciprocating plungers,a hammer element carried by each of said plung' ers, a spring foreachplunger arrangedto impart a striking blow thereto, an eccentricshaft having a pluralityofeccentrics at dif-. ferent angle and eccentricstraps provided each with a toe adapted to engage and retract one of theplungers, together with means for simultaneously adjusting the, severalsprings,substantially as described.

a, Hammering apparatus comprising a plurality of reciprocating plungers,a hammer element carried by each of said plunger's, a spring for eachplunger arranged to impart a striking blow thereto, an eccentric shafthaving a plurality of eccentrics at different angles, and eccentricstraps provided each with a toe adapted to engage and retract one of theplungers, together with means for simultaneously adjustingthe severalsprings and also for separately adjusting each spring individually, asdescribed.

5. Hammering apparatus comprising a plurality of reciprocating plungers,a hammer element carried by each of said plungers, a spring for eachplunger arranged to" impart a striking blow thereto, an eccentric shafthaving a plurality of eccentrics atdifferent angles, and eccentricstraps provided each with a toe adapted to engage and retract one of theplungers, together with means whereby any one or more of said plungersmay be rendered inactive, substantially as described.

6. Hammering apparatus comprising a plunger mounted for reciprocation, ahammer element carried thereby, a spring ar ranged to impart a strikingblow to the plunger, a shaft having an eccentric thereon,

an eccentric strap provided with means for substantially nier elementcarried thereby, aspringfarplungen'a'sha'ft having aneccentricthera on,an eccentric strap provided with means foruengag'ing and retracting theplunger,

said'strapj also having a lever arm extending therefrom, a fulcrum forsaid arm, and

means for changing the position of v said flll crum, together with meansfor-1 varying the action of said spring, substantially as described. d

8. Hammering apparatus comprising a plunger mounted for reciprocation, ahammer elementcarried thereby, a spring a1 ranged to impart a strikingblow to the plunger, a shaft having aneccentric thereon,

an eccentric strap provided with means for engagin and retracting theplunger, said strap also haying a; lever arm extending therefrom afulcrum for said arm, and means for changingthefpositionof said fulcrum, together with means for holding the plunger inoperative inretracted substantially as described. i

9. Hammering apparatus. comprising a plurality of plun'gers mounted sideby side and provided each'with a separate spring for imparting strikingblows thereto,ec-

centric mechanism for retractingsaidip'lung' ers' to coinpress'saidsprings, a sliding seating block provided with seats for aseries ofsprings, and means foradjusting said forimparting striking blowsthereto, ec-;

centric mechanism for retracting said plungers to coinpresssaid springs,a sliding seating block with a ser es of springs, and means vary theaction of said springs, together with means for also adjusting each ofsaid springs individually, substantiallyhs de; scribed. I

11. Hammering apparatus comprising a t p p vfor adjusting said blo'ckfto.simultaneously' series ofplungers mounted for reciproca tion, springsfor importing striking blows to said plungers, an eccentric shafthavingv "a plurality of eccentrics, a strap on each of said eccentricshaving a toeportion for engagementwith one of the plunge-rs, each'ofsaid eccentrics also having a lever arm, a slide block provided with aseries of oscil- 'lating'members through which the lever arms extend andin which they are ful cruined, and means for adjusting said slide blockto different positions, substantially as v ments, means for actuatingsaid plungersto cause the hammerelements to make suc scribed.

13. Hammering apparatus comprising a;

- plurality of plungers, a hammer element carried by each of saidplungers, springs for unpartlng strlklng blows to the plungers,

means for compressing said springs, and means for liliniting the extentof. penetrating action of each hammer, substantially as lescribed. v l

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set our hands.

:GEORGE W. KLAGES. WILLIAM Y. STROH.

